Defining the Soul in Walt Whitmans Song of Myself Essay -- Song of Mys

Every sentence in Walt Whitmans Song of Myself tends to either repeat or contradict. He even posits of himself, I contradict myself (Lauter, p. 2793). This can make Whitmans poetry a little confusing to some. In his many a(prenominal) stanzas, definition of the soul is ambiguous and around contradictory. Whitman says, Clear and reinvigorated is my soul....and crystalise and sweet is all that is non my soul (Lauter, p. 2745). What I believe Whitman is saying here is that his soul and everything else that is not his soul, including the souls of others, is clear and sweet. He goes on to say in the lines following, Lacks one lacks both... (Lauter, p. 2745). In other words, a soul cannot be clear if it is not sweet and a soul cannot be sweet if it is not clear. If it does not have one of the qualities, then it cannot have the other. By his words, a soul is not a soul unless it has both qualities clear and sweet. He says many lines down, I believe in you my soul.. ..the other I must not abase itself to you, And you must not be abased to the other (Latuer, p. 2746). Whitman ... defining the Soul in Walt Whitmans Song of Myself Essay -- Song of Mys Every sentence in Walt Whitmans Song of Myself tends to either repeat or contradict. He even says of himself, I contradict myself (Lauter, p. 2793). This can make Whitmans poetry a little confusing to some. In his many stanzas, definition of the soul is ambiguous and somewhat contradictory. Whitman says, Clear and sweet is my soul....and clear and sweet is all that is not my soul (Lauter, p. 2745). What I believe Whitman is saying here is that his soul and everything else that is not his soul, including the souls of others, is clear and sweet. He goes on to say in the lines following, Lacks one lacks both... (Lauter, p. 2745). In other words, a soul cannot be clear if it is not sweet and a soul cannot be sweet if it is not clear. If it does not have one of the qualities, then it cannot have the other. By his words, a soul is not a soul unless it has both qualities clear and sweet. He says many lines down, I believe in you my soul....the other I must not abase itself to you, And you must not be abased to the other (Latuer, p. 2746). Whitman ...

Moral Judgment Essay -- essays research papers fc

Moral judgments atomic number 18 nothing more than expressions of personal preference. While there is some point to arguing just about questions of fact, moral arguments are a waste of time. The only thing at issue is what people like or dont like. I have probably read this statement about a million times and still do not have any qualms against it. Moral judgments are typically based on your upbringing, your likes, your religion (or non-religion), and numerous other aspects that make up your personality. Those listed traits and further attributions give you the basis of what you are going to feel morally to many issues such as homosexuality, abortion, murder, stealing, etc. While many of us feel that we are always precise when making a judgment, this paper pass on show that no matter how hard we try the above statement will always be true.In Rachels The Elements of Moral Philosophy it states, Ethical Subjectivism is the desire that our moral opinions are based on our feelings, and nothing more. Ethical Subjectivism is what the topic statement is defining. When you make a moral judgment, such as the following(a) I disagree with homosexuality what is your basis for the judgment? Society, your parents, your religion these are all things that round out your personal preferences. By making such a statement, you are in fact just stating your own opinion (which is an extension of your preferences). In the dictionary, opinion is defined as a belief or remainder held with confidence but ...

samurai ethic in modern japan Essay -- essays research papers

Yamamoto, TsunetomoBushido The Way of the SamuraiGarden City Park, NY2002After reading this contain it is my belief that it is all-important(a) for Westerners to understand the frontingly strange concepts of Bushido, not only as a guide to events of the past, but as a primer for understanding the japanese worry mentality of today. The first thought that comes to mind when Japanese work ethic is hard working, no breaks, complete commitment to ones job. There may be a reason why Japan was able to rebuild their country so quickly after World War II, this reason is Bushido, the principles of the samurai. The origin of this book is from the Hagakure, which this book was based on was dictated by Tsunetomo Yamamoto, a samurai. And later scribed verbatim by Tsuramoto Tashiro over a period of seven years (1710-1716) in which they lived unneurotic in a far off mountain retreat in Japan. Tashiro was sworn to secrecy over the texts contents because the author believed the teachings to be f ar too radical and too militaristic for the then peaceful times during the Shogunate Rule (1603-1867). During this time of unusual calmness, the teachings of Buddhism and the ethical codes of Confucius permeated Japan, enriching every aspect of its culture from humanities to politics. But the old samurai, Yamamoto, believed that the samurai, as a class, had operate effeminate and weak. Yamamotos basic premise was that the samurai could not serve two masters, religion and the clan, and by doing so had become less effective. The service of the lord and the clan should come first, and once this was done, one could then amuse oneself with the studies of the humanities. In writing the Hagakure, Yamamoto hoped that someday the Samurai would return to the purity of its safe and compassionate past.This book gives a unique look back to the late 18th century, when Yamamoto was active as a samurai. The view is unique, because Japan was unifying and thither was less need for each minor lord to have an armed class. The warrior ethic was changing as war became less common. In some way, these notes seem to mourn the passing of the clearest, purest form of that ethic.The warrior ethic only changed, though and sedate underlies many aspects of modern Japanese thought and policy. The feudal caste system still gives a fair description of different l... ...ect Bushido would have been something lesser, but none the less still of great importance.This is a book that I have well enjoyed, and allowed me to dive into the mind of a typical Japanese business man. Yamamoto is a very insightful man indeed, and it is obvious that his life as a samurai has do him appreciate every aspect in life. I can this instant understand why their work is their highest priority in their lives and why they work so diligently. Its is amazing to see how a country that has gone through so much has become one of the world leaders in technology, automobiles, and so many other things. Without Bushido, would Japan be in the same position as lets say the Philippines, or Indonesia, or any other country that is now slowly developing? Even though the Japanese economy has been in decline for the past few years, I have very little suspect in my mind that Japan wont be able to rise up again, with the principles of Bushido laid in as its foundation. Bushido is the moral code that has provided Japan with a national identity and work ethic that has guided them through bloody civil wars, Mongol invasions, a world war, and nuclear devastation.

Canadas Aid To Third World Countries :: essays research papers

Canadas Aid to Third humans CountriesWhat are some of the major problems faced by "Third World" Countries now?Who should be held responsible for these problems? Why? What has Canada doneto help "Third World Countries"?There has always been a dominant country in the world that sets the economical standard throughout powerful countries. Canada has always been a toprated economic country, usually behind the United States and other largeCommonwealth countries. Starting covering in the early to mid 60s, Prime Ministerof Canada, Pierre Trudeau decided to use Canadian revenue as abroad aid. Theseincluded "Third World".Some of the major problems faced by "Third World" countries today includepoor towns which have had a lack of food sources due to the heavy poverty,lack of clean drinking water, lack of good sanitation systems, lack of goodliving conditions, lack of jobs and there is no industry, therefore no merchandise orexport revenue. The governments o f the "Third World" countries have donehorrible jobs of creating good living conditions for their people and in allhave not tested to bring their country out of their economic slump.As Canada entered it second century, Prime Minister Trudeau called for acomplete review of Canadas external policy. Starting in 1968 arouseCanadians including politicians, journalists, professors, business leaders,financial experts, as well as church and labour leaders were invited to offeropinions and advice in what was called the Trudeau Review. The ending of thismeeting brought about six foreign policy booklets which outlined the benefits ofCanadian foreign aid. Some of these benefits included to help the Canadianeconomy grow stronger, to keep Canada independent, to work for peace andsecurity, to promote fair-mindedness and equality for everyone and to improve livingconditions for all people throughout the world.The Canadian foreign policy review suggested that Canada strengthened itsties w ith Latin America. Trudeau visited Mexico, Cuba and Venezuela in 1976.Canadas trade with Latin America increased from $1099 million in 1970 to $3418million in 1976. Also Canada gave an increasing amount of development funds to anumber of Latin American countries.Canada, in 1973 had a major concern about the middle east and made aneffort to bring about a lasting peace to the Arab-Israeli conflict. 1050Canadian military specialists became part of the United Nations emergency forcewhere they tried to maintain a cease fire by providing supplies, transportationand communication during the 1973 peacekeeping role.The Trudeau foreign policy review recommended that Canada was to work hardto support the United Nations and make it an effective organization for

SWOT Analysis :: Business Analysis Process

SWOT AnalysisWhat is SWOT Analysis? SWOT psychoanalysis is a basic, straightforward model that provides direction and serves as a basis for the development of marketing plans. It accomplishes this by assessing an organizations efficacys (what an organization can do) and weaknesses (what an organization cannot do) in addition to opportunities (potential favor suitable conditions for an organization) and threats (potential unfavorable conditions for an organization). SWOT analysis is an heavy step in planning and its value is often underestimated despite the simplicity in creation. The role of SWOT analysis is to take the information from the environmental analysis and separate it into internal issues (strengths and weaknesses) and external issues (opportunities and threats). Once this is completed, SWOT analysis determines if the information indicates both(prenominal)thing that will assist the firm in accomplishing its objectives (a strength or opportunity), or if it indicates an obstructer that must be overcome or minimized to achieve desired results (weakness or threat) (Marketing Strategy, 1998).Elements of SWOT AnalysisStrengths and WeaknessesRelative to market needs and competitors characteristics, a theatre director must begin to think in terms of what the firm can do well and where it may have deficiencies. Strengths and weaknesses exist internally within a firm, or in key relationships between the firm and its customers. SWOT analysis must be customer focused to gain maximum benefit, a strength is really meaningful only when it is useful in satisfying the needs of a customer. At this point, the strength becomes a capability (Marketing Strategy, 1998).When writing down strengths, it is unequivocal that they be considered from both the view of the firm as well as from the customers that are dealt with. These strengths should be realistic and not modest. A well-developed listing of strengths should be able to answer a couple of questions. What are the firms advantages? What does the firm do well (PMI, 1999)?A customer-focused SWOT may also uncover a firms potential weaknesses. Although some weaknesses may be harmless, those that relate to specific customer needs should be minimized if at all possible. In addition, a focus on a firms strengths in advertising is promotion is important to increase awareness in areas that a firm excels in. This method not only evokes a positive resolution within the minds of the consumer, but pushes the weaknesses further from the decision making process (Marketing Strategy, 1998).Weaknesses should also be considered from an internal and external viewpoint. It is important that listing of a firms weaknesses is truthful so that they may be overcome as quickly as possible.

John Hus: A Threat to the Western Church & Martyr Essay -- Religion

John Hus A Threat to the Western Church & Martyr The official definition of a martyr is a person who sacrifices something of great value for the sake of principle therefore Jon Hus is undoubtedly a martyr (Merriam-Webster 1). His radical ideas caught the attention of thousands of followers bandage simultaneously undermining core practices of the Church. His beliefs led to what is known as the Hussite Reformation and ultimately, his death. John Huss death was ordered by the Church because his unorthodox principles threatened to split or even diminish some of the Churchs power and would cause an abundance of changes within the religious system as a unanimous during the 15th century, and possibly forever. The fears of the Church would later prove to be legitimate concerns but their efforts to prevent these changes from occurring failed, and not only did they prevent these changes from happening, but the Churchs attempts to get rid of John Huss ideals only fanned the flames his messag es ignited (Joyner 52). Now, centuries after his death, John Hus is still revered by many as one and only(a) of the first true reformers of the church (Joyner 42).John Huss humble beginnings hardly reflect the impact that he would later have on modern solar day Christianity and the reformation process that would occur within the Church. Yet, his upbringing and early career are an essential part of his legacy, and provide indications of what was to come. John Hus was born in Bohemia, which is primed(p) in what is now the Czech Republic. His family was not wealthy but Hus was known for being virtuous, and having a strong set of morals instilled within him, so his determination to study Religion at the University of Prague did not come as a surprise. He received his ... ...reatening public figure for the Church during the 15th Century, but his work at and the things believed him allow him to be regarded as a great Christian Martyr.Works CitedBlack, John Sutherland. John Huss A sh ort Biography. Shamrock Eden Publishing, 2011. eBook. Dallman, William. John hus A Brief Story of the Martry. St. Louis Concordia Publishing House, 1915. eBook.Joyner, Rick. Three Witnesses. 1. 1. Fort Mill MorningStar Publication, 1997. 1-61. eBookMerriam Webster . N.p., 2012. Web. 23 April 2012. .Molnar, Enrico. The Liturgical Reforms of John Hus. Speculum. 41.2 (1995) 297-303. Web. 1 May. 2012. Reetzke , James. Beliefs. John Hus. Chicago Bibles & Books, 2001. Web. 24 April 2012. .

John Hus: A Threat to the Western Church & Martyr Essay -- Religion

fast one Hus A Threat to the Western church building & kill The official definition of a martyr is a person who sacrifices something of great value for the sake of principle therefore Jon Hus is undoubtedly a martyr (Merriam-Webster 1). His group ideas caught the attention of thousands of followers while simultaneously undermining core practices of the perform. His beliefs led to what is known as the Hussite Reformation and ultimately, his death. John Huss death was ordered by the Church because his unorthodox principles threatened to disperse or even diminish some of the Churchs power and would cause an abundance of changes within the religious dodging as a whole during the 15th century, and possibly forever. The fears of the Church would later prove to be legitimate concerns but their efforts to preserve these changes from occurring failed, and not only did they prevent these changes from happening, but the Churchs attempts to get rid of John Huss ideals only fanned the flame s his messages ignited (Joyner 52). Now, centuries after his death, John Hus is still revered by many as one of the first true reformers of the church (Joyner 42).John Huss humble beginnings hardly reflect the impact that he would later bring on modern day Christianity and the reformation process that would occur within the Church. Yet, his upbringing and early career are an essential part of his legacy, and provide indications of what was to come. John Hus was born in Bohemia, which is located in what is now the Czech Republic. His family was not wealthy but Hus was known for being virtuous, and having a strong set of morals instilled within him, so his decision to study Religion at the University of Prague did not come as a surprise. He received his ... ...reatening public figure for the Church during the 15th Century, but his work and the things believed him allow him to be regarded as a great Christian Martyr.Works CitedBlack, John Sutherland. John Huss A short Biography. co mmon wood sorrel Eden Publishing, 2011. eBook. Dallman, William. John hus A Brief Story of the Martry. St. Louis Concordia Publishing House, 1915. eBook.Joyner, Rick. Three Witnesses. 1. 1. Fort Mill MorningStar Publication, 1997. 1-61. eBookMerriam Webster . N.p., 2012. Web. 23 April 2012. .Molnar, Enrico. The Liturgical Reforms of John Hus. Speculum. 41.2 (1995) 297-303. Web. 1 May. 2012. Reetzke , James. Beliefs. John Hus. lucre Bibles & Books, 2001. Web. 24 April 2012. .

On the Size and Nature of the American Republic

After the American Revolution, a great debate ensued over the size and nature of the proposed American body politic. on that point were those who stressed a small res publica constituted by 13 confederated states. thither were also political thinkers who sought the shaping of a large, heterogeneous country (comprised of different classes of commonwealth with different interests). To differentiate the specifics of the two contending views, there is a need to examine two prominent American figures who represented the differing views. Brutus represented those who need to establish a small confederated republic.James capital of Wisconsin represented the other assembly. Brutus on the Size of the American Republic For Brutus, a free republic would be unfulfilled if it was of immense extent (both geographically and politically). The increasing number of inhabitants as well as the increasing needfully of a large republic put strains on the government. The consequence for him was cl ear such(prenominal) large republic would, in time, fall to anarchy. He cited the argument of baron de Montesquieu as the basis of his view It is natural to a republic to have a small territory, otherwise it cannot lone subsist.In a large republic there argon men of large fortunes, and consequently of little moderation there are trusts too great to be placed in any single subject he has interest of his own he soon begins to think that he may be happy, great and glorious, by oppressing his fellow citizens and that he may raise himself to grandeur on the ruins of his country. For Brutus, the establishment of a large republic inevitably results to the concentration of situation and wealth to the hands of the few. Because moderation is more or less absent in these people, their power and wealth are used to oppress the people.As time progresses, the oppression becomes more and more manifested in the deteriorating conditions of the people. The republic will soon bow to the power of the sentiment and oppressive class of citizens. In addition, because of the immense extent of the republic, the needs and demands (and dreams) of the people are lost in the myriads of a thousand interests. Some needs and views are sacrificed to the so-called general will which for Brutus was a vague concept. The negotiation of interests becomes a battle for power or authority.Those who occupy a significant position in government (or those who have contacts in the government) will have their views and interests magnified in the halls of the legislative branch. Thus, the true needs of the people are easily distorted. In addition, if the republic is small, the public good is easier taken into account by the government. It is easily comprehended by every citizen (subject to criticism). The interests, then, of the people are better protected because the abuses are of peanut nature.Brutus cited the case of the Grecian and Roman republics as examples to strengthen his argument. In the beginn ing, these republics were of small size. Their governments were simple but democratic in form. Every need and view of citizens was taken into account, making governance a matter of citizen consent. In due time, however, these republics expanded their domains. Rome, for example, acquired territories from several wars against Carthage and some Asian kingdoms. The result was their governments transformed from that of free government to those of absolute (and abusive) ones.Brutus on Authority The construction of a tyrannical government, with supreme authority vested on one person, would inevitably result to the destruction of the peoples authority. The people would not be able to exercise their rights and duties. They would not be able to force the government to account for its misdeeds. Public accountability would vanish the person in power would be after himself as an infallible leader, incapable of committing any mistakes while in office. Thus, the large republic would crumble.The remnants of commonwealth, made significant in democratic institutions, would vanish from history. The restoration of democracy, for Brutus, would be achieved through another bloody revolution, much great in extent than the previous one. Brutus on homogeneousness With regard to homogeneity, in a free republic, the manners, sentiments, and interests of the people should be similar. If such was not the case, clashes would be unending. Antagonisms would develop among groups of people competing for power and wealth.This would inevitably result to the malfunctioning of the government. It would not be able to make the people in its true capacity. The deadlock among competing groups would necessitate again the establishment of a despotic government, to which no citizen would proscribe to. Basis on Human nature Thus, because the climate (social, political, and economic situation of states) of the United States was varied, there was a need to establish confederated states, governed by a nominal federal head of state.Here were the things that Brutus considered 1) the interests of the states (correspondingly its people) were largely varied, 2) the impost and traditions of the states also varied, and 3) the states had differing opinions of the nature and extent of the proposed American republic. These considerations, for Brutus, were enough to justify the establishment of a small republic, for heterogeneous and discordant principles were clearly present. Brutus Fears on Some sustenance in the US Constitutions Brutus was well aware of some provisions in the US Constitutions which called for the establishment of a large republic.For example, the vesting of the power to draw and approve treaties on the president and the senate was an incursion to the rights of the states to determine foreign policies. The drawing of foreign policies of supra-legislative bodies was a characterization of legislative tyrannies (as in the case of France). The status of the president as co mmanding officer in chief of the armed forces was also questioned by Brutus. If the president held the power to unquestionably command the army, then there was a high chance that he would use it to maintain his position.For Brutus, these powers of the national government were vestiges of tyrannical governments governments established to preserve order to a large state. Madison on the Size of the American Republic Before Madison presented his arguments as to the proper size and nature of the American Republic, he drew a sharp distinction between a democracy and a republic. Democracy is a state governed by direct democracy that is, the decisions of the government are directed by the people. Its actions are based on the needs and demands of the sovereign will of the citizens.Thus, every citizen is required to participate in the personal matters of the state. Political participation is therefore maximized in democracies. A republic, on the other hand, is characterized by the delegation or representation of the will of the people to elected delegates. The election of delegates will allow the people to choose the person who can best signalise the public good. In addition, a large republic will usually offer the citizens more choices, so there will be a greater chance for quality candidates to be chosen to represent the public. Thus, Madison favored the establishment of a large republic that would govern the 13 states.Madisons Rejection of Homogeneity as the Basis of the Republic Madison rejected homogeneity as the basis for the establishment of a republic. According to him, even pure democracies like capital of Greece became avenues of torment and clashes of opinion. A pure democracy, such as that proposed by Brutus was not a guarantee to the protection and advancement of citizens interests. He believed that homogeneity existed in a vacuum that is, it was no guarantee that a general reduction in the extent of a state (population) would inevitably to the perfection and assimilation of beliefs, passions, and interests (Madison, 1787).Even in a small republic, passions and interest were highly varied. Thus, human nature could not be rearranged by arranging the political atmosphere to which a human being is situated. A state, small or large, would be comprised of citizens having different opinions, interests, and passions. Madison also discussed the nature of factions in a state. For Madison, factions destroy the liberty of the individual to participate in the affairs of the state. Factions retard the functioning of the government, thus inefficiently delivering services to the people.Factions could be disastrous if the majority belong to a faction (the tyranny of the majority). If the majority succumbed to the will of the mistaken passions, then the state would become a tool of oppression of the minority. Even if the minority presented strong arguments (reasonable) of a particular policy and the majority refused to allow such policy to be imple mented, then such policy would not be implemented. If this was the case of the state, then the government would be inefficiently and ineffectively ruled by an oppressive group of people. Madisons Solution to the Problem of FactionsMadison presented two solutions for the factions problem. The first solution was to destroy the conditions which were essential to the establishment of factions. The second solution was to ease up every citizen the same view, passions, and interests. For Madison, only the first solution was feasible. By establishment safety nets in governance (there were some provisions in the US constitution that guarantee the rights and interests of the minority), the effects of factionalism would be minimized (it would be impossible to totally eradicate factionalism in a diverse nation).These safety nets took the form of negotiated mediums that is, avenues where interests could be aggregated. Madison as the First Pluralist Madison proposed the establishment of second- in-importance agencies to take note of the interests of the minority. Even in supra-legislative bodies like the House of Representatives and the Senate, Madison proposed the institutionalization of lobbying methods. The purpose of which was to give every citizen (or group of citizens) the chance to air their views and interests.For Madison, aggregation of interests was the key to maintaining a large heterogeneous republic. Thus, Madison was usually called the first pluralist. In recent years, however, the so-called interplay between federalist and anti-federalist perspectives was basically rooted from the increasing powers of the national government. Some people wanted a less strong central government to effectively serve the needs of the citizens. There are those who argued that a strong central government is essential to procure the best services for the people.

Knowledge work productivity Essay

The road to an organizations success depends on the PEOPLE. In Peter Druckers writings, there was always a soften on sight and how they set up CONTRIBUTE. Before the internet and social media congested world of today Drucker noticed how citizenry behaved with their form duties. Whether it was putting a tire on a car talking strategy on how to move the business forward or volunteers interacting with each other at a non-profit, Drucker soon realized that flourishing organizations have the foundation of great people.People grow organizations unneurotic. From the beginning straight to the end it is the people who decide how far they want to bring forth their organization. Knowledge work defines our society today. With the dominance of social media, the expanding internet, and the powerhouses of technology the possibilities of knowledge be endless. Educators are beginning to orient themselves towards teaching through technology, whether that is tablets in the school classroom or universities providing entire courses online. Physical labor still exists however, the high level of knowledge that is needed still persists. Our society today depends on people working with their minds a reality that Peter Drucker was envisioning oer fifty years ago.The organizations that use knowledge work in effect empower and trust their people to have the independence to share their ideas. Executives and managers work together to align peoples ideas to the mission as well as create a sense of belonging to each that works there. Management is always about the people first. A manager needs to create an environment where people are comfortable working together and in tandem, and resist the urge to create psyche silos. Everyone wants to do great things for their organization it is up to management to foster that environment of collaboration and squadwork and align the team to the companys mission and goals.People will always be the structure of any organization. When the structu re is strong the support of more is there. When one feels empowered to use their passion and knowledge to be successful the winning formula begins to develop, and all it takes is to empower that person to be their best.The author of 39 books during his long career, and counseling to titans of business and rulers of nations, Drucker championed the powers of observation, often formulating simple ideas that triggered startling results. The Practice of Management (1954) and The Effective Executive (1966) are con slopered his landmark works. Part of Druckers genius lay in his ability to find patterns among seemingly unconnected disciplines. The most important thing in communication is to hear what isnt being said, he once said.The magazine called Druckers teachings a blueprint for every thinking leader, noting that Drucker taught extensions of managers the importance of picking the best people, of focusing on opportunities and not problems, of getting on the same side of the desk as their customer, of the need to understand their competitive advantages and to continue to refine them (listening-and-learning approach) Drucker called himself a social ecologist, a close observer of the way humans are organize across all sectorsin business, but in addition in government and in the nonprofit world.None of my books or ideas means anything to me in the long run, he said. What are theories? Nothing. The only thing that matters is how you touch people. Have I given anyone insight? Thats what I want to have done. Insight lasts theories dont. And raze insight decays into small details, which is how it should be. A few details that have meaning in ones life are important.Druckers track discharge is impressive, as BusinessWeek succinctly summarized upon his death in 2005. Among his accomplishmentsHe introduced the idea of decentralizationin the 1940swhich became a bedrock principle for virtually every blown-up organization in the world.He was the first to assertin the 1 950sthat workers should be treated as assets, not as liabilities to be eliminated.He originated the cod of the corporation as a human communityagain, in the 1950sbuilt on trust and respect for the worker and not just a profit-making machine, a perspective that won Drucker an almost godlike reverence among the Japanese.He first made clearstill the 50sthat there is no business without a customer, a simple notion that ushered in a new marketing mindset.He argued in the 1960slong before othersfor the importance of substance over style, for institutionalized practices over charismatic, cult leaders.He wrote about the contribution of knowledge workersin the 1970slong before anyone knew or understood how knowledge would motor horn raw material as the essential capital of the New Economy.As he aged, Drucker appeared to assume more gravitas, slowing his speech, projecting a more autocratic presence, allowing his audience to hang on his words. He expressed dismay with the greed and self-in terest that pervaded corporate America in his later years, shifting his focus to nonprofits. In writings and speeches during the 1980s, Drucker emerged as one of corporate Americas most important critics, preaching against reckless mergers and acquisitions. He warned that CEO pay had rocketed out of soften and implored boards to hold CEO compensation to no more than 20 times what the rank and file made.In The Definitive Drucker Challenges for Tomorrows ExecutivesFinal Advice from the beginner of Modern Management (2007), author Elizabeth Haas Edersheim wrote, Peters ideas were the catalyst that freed people to pursue opportunities they had never expected to have. He liberated people by inquire them questions and eliciting a vision that just felt right. He liberated people by getting them to challenge their own assumptions. He liberated people by raising their awareness of, and their faith in, things they knewintuitively. He liberated people by forcing them to think. He liberated people by talking to them. He liberated people by getting them to ask the right questions.The Business of ListeningWhy should you care about listening skills? Most of us have developed as business people in organizational cultures that emphasize the persuasiveness of the speaker. Weve spent countless hours, and a great deal of money, attending to our appearance, business dress, body language, nervus facialis expression, selection of language, tone of voice, charts, graphs, and on and on. The importance of those factors is not denied. However, theyre not the only factors influencing communication. And are they powerful enough, when were trying to get the best from a divers(a) group of people, build a customer-focused organization, or influence those who disagree with us?As Kenneth R. Johnson, said in his book, Effective Listening Skills, Listening effectively to others can be the most fundamental and powerful communication tool of all. When well-nighone is willing to stop talking or thinking and begin rightfully listening to others, all of their interactions become easier, and communication problems are all but eliminated.Understanding others, results in them understanding youConsciously cultivating your listening skills helps you understand the many difficulties bear upon other people. You become better at being heard and understood.Use your human resources better up(p) your listening skills helps you more fully use the diverse knowledge, wisdom, energy and enthusiasm of the people you deal with.Get more out of face-to-face interactionMaximize the value of your live, non-electronic, conversations. Face-to-face interaction still influences the musical note of your business relationships and meetings more than any other factor.Gain depth and intimacyYou engage more deeply and intimately with your people, your teams and important organizational issues and changes.MotivateImproving your listening skills helps you maintain the energy, equilibrium and enthusi asm of others, as well as your own.Managers who get to know their people, respect and trust the competency of their employees, and listen continually for how employees are doing relative to their aspirations, quality of work life, and sense of career advancement, will have a far greater chance of developing and retaining their employees. Caela Farren, CEO of MasteryWorksTHE IMPORTANCE OF earshotMarch and Olsen provide a model of organizational learning as a cycle in which man-to-man and organizational action are searching but interrelated. Individual actions based on individual beliefs lead to organizational action that in turn induces an environmental response. If an environmental response subsequently affects individual beliefs, the cycle is supposedly completed and learning has been achieved. However, if the environment remains unchanged, the three other elements of the learning model remain unaffected and therefore only individual but no organizational learning might occur. If in contrast, the environment changes, individual beliefs will change which in turn will lead to some corresponding individual and organizational actions.This concept of learning as registration is further developed by Levitt and March who suggest organizations learn by encode inferences from history into routines that guide behavior. Drawing on a stimulus-response model of responsiveness this adaptive perspective portrays the generation of responses as a subprogram of environmental change. In turn, the perspective of organizations as cognitive systems has extended the foundational argument of the adaptive perspective on learning by identifying cognition as the basis for deliberate organizational action. In this case, Ducan and Weiss remind us that organizational learning refers to an organizations i.e. its dominant coalitions capacity to identify the need for change and adaptation and take intentional actions.Action-outcome relationships and their conditions are tested, vali dated, and subsequently rejected or confirmed. In particular, they emphasize two key aspects of such learning playes, namely the ability to snuff it and integrate knowledge and insights. Similarly, Fiol and Lyles state that learning enables organizations to build an understanding and interpretation of their environmentit results in associations, cognitive systems, and memories that are developed and shared by members of the organization. and so organizational members are portrayed as interpreters of reality who become conscious actors in individual and collective learning process.On a similar note, bill of exchange and Weick provide us with a model that views learning as resulting from conflicting interpretations of reality. In their seminal piece, they propose organizations as interpretation systems whereby interpretation refers to a process through which information is given meaning and subsequent actions are identified. Building on, yet extending the behavioral view, Draft an d Weick suggest iterative sequences of scanning, interpretation and learning. For instance, scanning refers to watchfully monitoring and gathering data from the environment, whereas the interpretation refers to the translation or sensemaking of such data. Finally, learning involves knowledge of the organization in terms of the interrelationship of organizational actions and its environment. The generation of responses in this model is portrayed as a function of the interpretation style of an organizations dominant coalition.Effective Communication is significant for managers in the organizations so as to perform the basic functions of management, i.e., Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling. Communication helps managers to perform their jobs and responsibilities. Communication serves as a foundation for planning. All the essential information essentialiness be communicated to the managers who in-turn must communicate the plans so as to implement them.Organizing also requi res effective communication with others about their job task. Similarly leaders as managers must communicate effectively with their subordinates so as to achieve the team goals. Controlling is not possible without written and oral communication. Managers devote a great part of their time in communication. They generally devote approximately 6 hours per day in communicating. They spend great time on face to face or telephonic communication with their superiors, subordinates, colleagues, customers or suppliers. Managers also use Written Communication in form of letters, reports or memos wherever oral communication is not feasible. Thus, we can say that effective communication is a building block of successful organizations. In other words, communication acts as organizational blood.The importance of communication in an organization can be summarized as follows1. Communication promotes motivation by informing and clarifying the employees about the task to be done, the manner they are do the task, and how to improve their performance if it is not up to the mark.2. Communication is a source of information to the organizational members for decision-making process as it helps identifying and assessing alternative course of actions.3. Communication also plays a crucial role in altering individuals locatings, i.e., a well informed individual will have better attitude than a less-informed individual. Organizational magazines, journals, meetings and various other forms of oral and written communication help in moulding employees attitudes.4. Communication also helps in socializing. In todays life the only presence of another individual fosters communication. It is also said that one cannot survive without communication.5. As discussed earlier, communication also assists in coercive process. It helps controlling organizational members behaviour in various ways. There are various levels of hierarchy and certain principles and guidelines that employees must follow in an organization. They must comply with organizational policies, perform their job role efficiently and communicate any work problem and grievance to their superiors. Thus, communication helps in controlling function of management.An effective and efficient communication system requires managerial proficiency in delivering and receiving messages. A manager must discover various barriers to communication, analyze the reasons for their occurrence and take preventive steps to avoid those barriers. Thus, the primary responsibility of a manager is to develop and maintain an effective communication system in the organization.

Celebrities and Sports Stars being bad role models to children Essay

Celebrities and Sports Stars being big division models to children In todays world you cant even look at the news without witnessing wizard of these celebrities or sports stars making a mockery of them selves. Whether its anywhere from drinking and driving, doing drugs, racing sport cars , or doing all three of those things in one instance same(p) singer/songwriter Justin Bieber did last month. The only thing that checks doing all that stuff worse is having millions of adoring fans who willing mimic your actions, wear what you wear, even say what you say. Celebrities and sports stars agree a tremendous impact on children in todays world. If you ask a child who his or her role model is thither is a higher chance they will say a celebrity or sports stars name over thither own p bents name. So when a kid sees his role model smoking pot or drinking liquor in his head he will think wow if he is doing that it must be cool so I should try it. How ever most of these troublemaking cel ebrities say its the parents are the bad influence and that they are to blame for in that location kids choosing the celebrities to be there role models over there parents.How ever in one particular case it is the celebritys parents being a bad role model to the celebrity who so is a bad role model to millions of fans. On January 22 a day in the first place Justin Biebers have for drag racing under the influence he was allegedly seen partying in a Miami night club with his draw the night of the arrest Also his father was reportedly in one of the SUVs in the caravan of cars following Justin Biebers car to block off the rode so his son could race. When fans see something like this chance they are more likely to drink and do drugs hop in a car and attempt to race which could potentially cause serious injuries or even death to some(prenominal) innocent people. Parents are saying that Celebrities are rotting there childrens minds by exploiting explicit drug use, .alcohol abuse, an d underage familiar behaviors These parents have bring up a good point because still being a teenager myself I see the world around me from a different perspective I see people around me drinking doing drugs and more and have gone even further to ask wherefore they do it and the response I got adventure from all of them in one way or a nonher was because one of the artists they get word to does it so he or she wanted to try it. exclusively saying that its celebrities faults isnt always the right thing to saybecause most celebrities are actually great role models on children its just a select hand full of them who give a bad name to all of the others studies show that teens who idolize a celebrity who doesnt give in to such pressures and weight and drugs will likely benefit from their obsession (www. allday spiritedness.globalpost.com). Although there are more good celebrities who can positively take your childs life a lot of these children seem to be more interested in the bad ones this is mainly because of media. Media is the main reason why these children copy celebrities. In seconds media can have a story sent all around the world and into the ears an heads of children who read or hear these stories. Media always seems to reduce more on the bad things celebrities do like if a celebrity is founderating a lot of his time to help research a cure for a HIV and a nonher celebrity gets caught racing his car the celebrity racing his car will defiantly be the one who is ack in a flashledged for there actions. So in a way it isnt always the celebrities faults because without a lot of these corrupt media sites to twist the stories and spread the stories into the heads of these kids they may have not even existed.But celebrities shouldnt be attempting potentially harmful behaviors like that in the first place because there not stupid they k like a shot that the moment they get caught doing something outlawed it is going to me spread through out the world have more bad consequences than good. Instead they should be using this power of the media they poses to being good things that will give off positive influences to children. This probably wont happen though cause most celebrities actually become more famous and popular for the bad things they do than the good so why would they stop doing something that will make them more popular. On the other side you have the celebrities saying that it is the parents fault that there kids are doing what they are dong. Parents do have control over what there kids can watch listen to and hear but in the end they dont stop there kids from listening to music or seeing something that will make them behave badly out of pure laziness and before they know it there kid is drinking or doing drugs and there isnt much the parent can do at this point. One thing that every parent wants to hear is there children tell them that there mom or dad is there role model but if that isnt the case then the parent should fin d a good role model for there child.You can influence your child into likening a celebrity by having them listen to that celebrities music or watchingthere movies even if that celebrity is acting inappropriately you can explain to your child that it is just a movie and he is actually a good psyche out side of that role and that if he or she were to do any of that in real life there would be consequences. Parents can also explain to there children that celebrities are given more leeway from police and judges because of the reputation and money. In the past coke parents have been giving more freedom to there children if you got caught smoking marijuana or drinking alcohol around forty or fifty age ago you would get a beating of a life time from your parents but due to so many law changes and new laws things are not like they used to be. There is not much a parent can do now to prevent there children from doing something bad except for seance them down and giving them a stern talk. In the defense of celebrities maybe if parents made there children want to have there parent as a role model then they wouldnt go off looking for celebrities to be there role models.This isnt always true its not like the medieval times anymore where a parent is a black smith so there child will be one. right away a lot of the time as children grow up they decide they want to go down a different path in there life and not the one there parent went down so they will target a role model who fits there idea of the person they want to become. Parents have to realize that they cant just put the blame on a celebrity for there childs mistakes because they are to lazy to prevent there child from following these bad influences instead they should focus on making sure there child becomes a robust and decent human being. Parents are defiantly winning the whole blame game from the point of the media but the real person to blame isnt the celebrities or the parents. The instigator of this whole debate is all of these media sources exploiting these celebrities like they are animals.The people who work for media constantly following these celebrities taking pictures and looking for everything they do wrong. No one is perfect so you cant expect a celebrity to behave 100% of the time they didnt ask for all of these role models. I would never want to live a life full of people constantly following me around taking pictures That has to be one of the most nerve-wracking jobs in the world sure they are going home to there mansions and driving around nice cars but a lot of these celebrities actually bear out from depression because of all this fame they have. Like Justin Bieber he was just a normal thirteen year old boy before Usher discovered him andchanged his life for ever. Anyone that young with that much money and power would surely do the same exact thing he is doing now. Celebrities should be aware that they have so many role models but shouldnt bear any responsibility to them because its impossible to make everyone happy when you have that many people on your back twenty four seven. One exception I think is Miley Cyrus she started he career out on the Disney channel with millions upon millions of little girls watching her so now when those girls are all of a sudden seeing her smoke marijuana on stage and dressing in outfits that make her look half stark naked they are going to mimic her actions.Miley Cyrus was well aware that she was the role model to all these little girls and is using that to her advantage because she knows anything she does her millions of followers will do the same. In the song twenty three which she was featured in she displayed scenes of her smoking marijuana in a school bathroom and doing all other kinds of activities that someone wouldnt normally do. Miley Cyrus is doing nothing but sending mixed messages into all of these girls heads causing them to do things they wouldnt normally do. This all started happening because sh e her ratings were down and she wasnt as popular as she used to be so her managers decided to give her a new look and re invent her and before they knew it she blew up and is now one of the most known celebrities in the entire world and she doesnt seem to be slowing down anytime soon epically with her newest outbreak of trying to make out with Katy Perry live onstage but she denied the kiss and proceeded to tweet about it which started a twitter fight which only gave both of them more fame and followers on all of there social media accounts. It even made breaking headlines over the potential war that could be happening between Russia and Ukraine.So yeah no one is to really blame for all of this because no one wants this to happen except for a select few.

The Big Change

I was waiting for cut off Mondo, ding is also a pro wrestler and my favourite opponent and we have been best fri extirpates since we were kids. gouge and I had meet had a briny event spot in Combat Zone Wrestlings main pay per view of the year Walk way to Hell. CZW is where Nick and I work, Nick and I have been working there for abtaboo deuce-ace years and we were both being paid about $75,000 a year. Nick and I grew up in England and at the age of 18 when we left montage we both moved too Philadelphia in the USA.Walk way to Hell is our favourite ppv of the year because that is when we both made our first appearance 3 years ago. Nick was at the hospital ward after pop outting parts of a light despoil in his middle after he trip up me with one in our match, I was fine just a few scratches. The match was great but there was one mistake near the end and this mistake is the one, which ended Nicks career. Nick threw me out of the ring and thusly came out after me, he snap su plexed me on the concrete floor and then went to get a light strip.The winnows were screaming and so was the announcer Joey Styles but when Nick brought the light strip dressing over his head for a big swing, the top of the strip smashed on the turnbuckle and glass flew everywhere, unfortunately for Nick glass flew in his eye and the rest cut a 12 year old fan at ring side. The cut gashed the sm all(prenominal) boy all dump his left cheek and as you can imagine his parents were not happy so they forced to sue CZW, for this Nick Mondo formally know in the ring as Sick Nick Mondo Was given the sack luckily for me I wasnt and the family dropped all charges on the federation. only I wasnt happy Nick and I had grown up together so if he got fired I quit. Eventually at 1135pm Nick flew in the doors and manhood he did not look happy, he was as pale as a ghost and had a colossal patch over his eye and just by looking at him I could tell he was surely pi$$ed off. Nick walked up to me a t the bar and said, Hey Kid you want a wrestle so I replied with a hell yeah. Ten minuets later I regulate myself climbing through a window into the CZW arena with Nick giving me a push up onto the window ledge, I got through the window and helped Nick up.While we were walking over too the ring we noticed a immaculate walk through the door never mind me lads carry on with your stuff he yelled across the stadium. We walked over too the ring and went through our routine warm up and then the match began. It championted off with a few spots spots are loads of reversal moves done very quickly, then came in the hip-tosss, body slams and other small moves, while we were rassling we noticed that the cleaner had actually sat down and watched us wrestle. By now the match was going really well loads of moves no wampum and I think that match was the best match of my career so far.The match ended when Nick hit a 450 moonsault on me, I just wish someone was filming it because we done some aw esome stuff in that match. After the 1 2 3 pin we heard a small applause coming from the back and yes it was the cleaner who had actually sat through the whole match, the cleaner then stood up and walked out without saying a word and we never saw him again. Nick and I then split up and went our separate ways home, food, sleep and wrestling were the only things on our minds when we operate off. Well it was 100am and I had to be at training at 1000am so I went home to bed.Even though I was out off business I still wanted to keep in shape. My alert clock woke me up at 830am, when I say alarm clock what a really mean is my girlfriend. My girlfriend is called Helen she is from New York and is 22 years old, we have been together for 2 years and we are now vivacious in a big house in a very posh estate we have two cars I have a cut through Mustang Mash 1 and Helen has a Toyota 2000 GT. Helen and I went too Steves Steak House for breakfast, that is where we usually go on weekday morning s for a full English breakfast.After breakfast Helen went to work, she is a lawyer for a big comp each in the city and in a way is my little sugar mama. After Helen goes I go to training at the gym. I arrived at the gym at 1000am and I saw Nick waiting at the gym gates for me, he told me that he needed to speak to me about last night. We went in to the gym where he asked me if I had picked up his wallet when we left, I told him that the last time I saw it was when he was buying me a pint at the pub before we left.After the gym Nick and I went to the CZW arena to see if the cleaner had found it but when I asked the caretaker he said that all cleaners leave the arena at 530pm and that it was impossible that there could be any one in the arena after that time because he was the last person out that night and there was no one there when he locked up. From there Nick and I went on a wallet hunt around the stadium but there was no luck. Yes there is a argue why we were trying to find Nic ks wallet and it is because there was two tickets for WRESTLEMAINA 27That very night, yes the WWEs biggest ppv of the year on the 21st July 2011 and we had just lost the last tickets. Nick and I then went back to Nicks car but when we got there we realised that Nicks wallet was on the dashboard and that the car was wide open. We both launched our selves into the car too see if the tickets were still there and they were but they werent our tickets they were front row tickets. We had ringside tickets to wrestlemaina but we didnt no why, and all of Nicks money was still there so mortal had stolen his wallet and upgraded our sit down about $200 more.So now we had the tickets we went home to get ready for the big night. When we arrived at the arena we were given V. I. P back stage passes and were sent to Shane McMahon the owner of the WWE. While we were walking to meet Shane I saw the cleaner in the dressing room training up The oscillate and that was when I worked it all out. When we arrived at Shanes office we went in and sat down good evening gentlemen he said I hear you are no longer wrestling for CZW, but I have got some business for you two tonight.By now Nick and I were on the edges of our seats waiting for him to say it would you two boys like to make a surprise attack on The Rock tonight during his nerve cage match with endocarp Cold Steve capital of Texas by then we were both jumping up and down YES I said well then thats that sorted then Shane then shook our hands and walked out. To be truthful I had tears in my eyes and so did Nick we were going to wipe out The Rock and we couldnt wait. We waited nervously backstage for 6 long hours and then it was time for action.We were walked down to ringside with wrestling masks on for disguise and when the blackout started for the cage to be lowered we snuck infra the ring. We waited there for 30 minutes and when the referee gave the signal we broke out from under the ring and started to lay into The Rock. T he WWE announcers Jim Ross and Jerry king were screaming It is Sick Nick Mondo and unfounded Kid from CZW they are helping Stone Cold and there he was right in front off us Stone Cold Steve Austin with three cans of Budweiser in his hands he then threw one two me and Nick and in front of 21 thousand screaming fans we drank beer and poured it in The Rocks face.But before I knew it The Rock was on his feet again laying into me with powerful forearms he then spat in the palm of his right hand and by then I realised what was coming to me but I couldnt do anything, The Rock then made a fist and smashed me in the eye with a massive right hook, he then lifted up my right arm and WHAMM he hit me with a Rock Bottom and man it hurt so I laid there in a daze with thick red blood pouring from my eyebrow. After some real brutal wrestling we laid The Rock on a table then Stone Cold came over to me and told me to do a shooting star imperativeness leg drop on The Rock through a table of the top r ope.And before I knew it I was climbing a WWE turnbuckle, I had never done this before and I knew I couldnt because it was not high enough so I just kept climbing to the top of the steel cage and it was there I stood and looked at 21 thousand people screaming, camera men running around trying to get the best angle, the press flashing away, Jim Ross screaming his head off, Shane McMahon staring at me with amazement and Stone Cold and Nick in a stun of disbelief, I knew what Nick was cerebration it was that I was going to do it and it was going to be good.So I stood at the top of the cage fans chanting my name and my heart froze I looked down at The Rock and he opened his eyes and winked at me as if to say that I should do it so it was then I launched myself up and onwards all I saw was flashing of cameras I followed through with a moonsault and landed it perfect. I looked up and saw Shane and paramedics running to ringside, Stone Cold jumped on top of The Rock and pinned him he get the 1 2 3 and he was new WWE champion.By the time the Steel Cage had risen I was still on the floor but with one thing extra, a broken leg. Stone Cold was happy I was happy and so was Nick, Steve and Nick carried me back stage with a row of paramedics and Shane following so we left The Rock with a smile on our faces and a Bud in our hands and a packed full arena chanting C Z DUB.

Max Weber: Iron Cage

According to him the unexampled era human beings, especially in the western capitalisticic society be increasingly being caught in the process of Rationalism and the factors elated to it such as, Bureaucracy, Disenchantment and Individualism. Through this essay we intent to agree with weber about how he thought that Modern Capitalism in which people be rational is literally inescapable process in which they ar get locked into, and this ultimately gives rebel to bureaucracy.We will give some evidences proving weber ideas on how the protestant ethics contributed to the rise of capitalism and also show how there are no solid alternating(a)s to this problem of bureaucracy. In his book Protestantism and the Spirit of Capitalism, weber told us the Protestants who started off with an Ascetic life to whom their work was there job I. E. Their only purpose in life was to work all day and non get pleasure from the fruits of their labor as self consumption was considered chastely wron g because they were not to enjoy the money they earn on themselves.But later on with the emergence of the modern capitalism, the Protestants eventually ended up in direction more on the pursuit of money. They started applying rational and scientific methods in the ways of making money to increase their profit margins. This rational way is very very much evident even today because people have scattered their phantasmal values and in the capitalist society we have now, they just want to try out more and more profit and build wealth more than they possibly could require.According to Weber this went against the handed-down Catholic Doctrine where they intent to avoid materialist pursuit by adopting the spiritual way of life. This had a huge impact on peoples life because in the capitalist society today most people are not concerned with the nature of their job nor do they enjoy it much as long as heir social status is maintained and their financial goals are accomplished.Weber thro ugh his writing has explained how people especially in the west were developing this rational, methodological and a calculating approach to lead a life which had all triumphed over the old traditional and irrational way of making money to please the God. In the process of making money, whether you like it or not you are phalanxd to adopt this methodological way where you work day and night not to get close to God but to gain profit and this is what Weber thought as the Iron Cage of Capitalism, in which you continually pursue your calling and the spirit of capitalism is a cage where we are absorbed in.However Weber felt that the protestant ethics did not directly lead to spirit of capitalism, but it is one of the main factors that lead to it. According to him the old traditional way which was based mostly on kinship and values has shifted its physique to goal oriented rationality. This is where Weber is switching his writings and explaining how the modern capitalism which gave ri se to strict set of rules and regulations is directly giving rise to the growth of Bureaucracy because bureaucracy is the main example of Rationalization.Weber argued that the rational goal oriented profit pursuit ways had a tremendous impact on peoples lives because this had dominated their behavior so much that the old spiritual values are being lost in the modern era. People were abandoning God, religion and spirituality in the name of freedom, insisting that it was not possible to free with the restrictions that the religions impose but they forget to illuminate that they themselves were becoming slaves oftener own material pursuit.This is what he meant by Iron Cage of Rationalism. This had increased their interest in power and authority which has taken the public figure of bureaucracy. Weber also explained the long term processes of Rationalism from which the magic has taken Out Of the existence and there are no intrinsic mysteries in the world because the life has become s o predictable and understandable that we could know the reason behind anything in world hence it makes life very dull and boring.According to him the modern world has lost its enchantment because people have mastered in the scientific knowledge in the rational way ND science has empowered them. In the book, Max Weber Reading and Commentary on Modernity, Bureaucracy is described as the means of transforming social actions into rationally organized action (pig 214). Weber now is giving the example of bureaucratic organization which is enslaving people. According to Weber, Bureaucracy does have a lot of positive implications because these are effective in stint the goal in a rational manner.It gives individuals more security in their respective work areas unlike the feudal system and also sakes more specialists in a particular area of the organization. However Weber also points out the negative effects of bureaucracy as well. Bureaucratic organizations are the dominant form of instit ution in the modern society. It involves Hierarchy in offices where there are clear command of structures and expects the employee who is on bottom to report the higher employee and so on.It has written documents for the rules of conduct and you have to obey whatever the organization expects from you. They are also considered as very impersonal because they take away our emotions and feelings out of the situation and force you to do exactly what is required from their job and now your impersonal duty of office becomes your calling of life, because even if you disagree with something you still have to do it because you are mandated to follow instructions and obey the authority.In other words, in this process of Rationalization where people are forced to do whatever the bureaucratic organization expects it to do is what Weber thought as the Iron cage of the Bureaucracy. This restricts people to be creative and spontaneous and you are trapped into this cage forever escaping from the t raditional religious ways. Weber goes on to say that this has a drastic consequences in peoples lives as it had created inequality which keeps on increasing and keeps popping up, getting bigger and bigger as it is spreading everywhere.Weber saw some alternatives to these dominant organizations such as a charismatic leader who can break away its populace from this organization because match to him it was the charismatic style of organizations that maintain social creativity by giving people more freedom from the rules and regulations. According to him a charismatic leader is a person who is creative and possess extra ordinary qualities who makes up their own rules and this is a good solution because charismatic ruler is somewhere in betwixt the 2 extremes forms, Bureaucratic and traditional organizations.The big feature of expansion of bureaucracy is taking the charisma out of the organizations which trying very demanding to be an alternative and opposite of bureaucratic organizat ion. However there is also a problem associated with charismatic Organization hat it has a transitional phenomenon, which means it is very hard to make it last for a long time in its purest form because eventually it ends up becoming either Traditional or Bureaucratic.He also explains another(prenominal) alternative is for examples if you have a community involved in every single decision, it becomes very messy and hard in terms of getting things make in the right way and efficient manner because everyone has the equal calling. So these are the reasons you cant escape bureaucracy and it has become the basic feature of the modern capitalist society. As Weber states Once fully established, Bureaucracy is among those social Structures which is the hardest to destroy(pig 214).

The 1989 Children Act

Produce a table outlining the current legislation and guidelines relating to shielding. The 1989 Children Act This is the almost important piece of legislation with regards to childcare. It simplified the laws that protect children and boylike raft and made clear the duty of care for all those who work with children or young people. Working together to safeguard children 2010 This document was reveald to safeguard and protect children. To create and maintain a safe learning purlieu for children and young people.To give local anesthetic authorities (LSCB) the power to produce own safeguarding policies. Laming Report 2003 Independent enquiry into the death of Victoria Climbie and other serious eluding reviews. It identified wide ranging failings of the safeguarding system. many a(prenominal) professionals working with children non following guidance in working together brought about the following piece of legislation Every child matters guidelines and childrens present 2004 This brought together agencies such as healthcare professionals, inculcates and welfare services.Created central database containing records of all children and whether known to different services. Independent childrens commissioner to wield and protect all childrens rights and Ofsted to monitor childrens services. Other pieces of legislation Human rights sour 1989 United Nations convention on the rights of the child 1989 Sexual Offences Act 2003 (New offences created such as grooming) guard of children act 1989 (dealt with staff misconduct and recruitment ie POCA list) Safeguarding vulnerable groups act 1986Independent safeguarding authority (ISA) was given a wider role in checking new workers, poor traffic pattern etc. Munro report 2011 recommends a less bureaucratic and more child centred approach. 2/3 Write an explanation of child protection deep down the wider context of safeguarding children and young people, relating it to the policies and procedures in the school envi ronment. Safeguarding is the new term used to describe child protection. It refers to the behaviors in which adults and professionals working with children need to act when managing issues regarding child protection.Everyone working with children has a duty to harbor children safe, protected from disparage and any concerns regarding any form of abuse to be avenueed to the safeguarding officer at school. The to a higher place guidelines, policies and procedures affect the day to day work carried out within schools and while issues volition vary between schools, everyone within these establishments should be aware of safeguarding concerns and ensure that they ever act appropriately and within the guidelines set out. All professionals working with children need to be CRB or DBS checked.This is to enable safe recruitment decisions and pr moment unsuitable people working within a school environment. Risk assessments pass on need to be carried out on any activities or outings that open the potential to type harm. The school will have procedures for risk assessments that will probably be carried out annually on the school buildings or grounds or one at a time for school visits and such. Child protection is the duty of all who work with children and everyone needs to be aware of the schools policy for reporting and recording suspected abuse.Keeping children secure on school premises with signing in procedures, secure fencing and gates, staff security badges and such. If a child is a cause for concern, child protection records will need to be kept and any issues raised will always need to be followed up. As a teaching assistant, our role would be to pass any concerns on to be followed up by the schools safeguarding officer. Photographs that may be dual-lane with others outside school would need parental permission, as would outside school visits and extra-curricular activities.Health and Safety policies should be followed throughout the school and behaviou r issues should be resolved to prevent harm to themselves or others. Anti-bullying policies should be in place and adhered to. The staff to student ratio should be sufficient at all times, internet safety should be in place and medical information should be shared in sequel of an emergency. Therefore, the primary concern of a school should be to keep its pupils safe and secure. Many procedures and policies will be in place to ensure this happens and the LSCB(Local safeguarding children board) will help ensure the safeguarding and welfare of children. Every child should have a voice that is heard and should have support it required. Confidentiality should be maintained and information should not be shared with anyone other than those who need to be involved. 1. 4 Explain when and why enquiries and serious case reviews are required and how the sharing of the findings informs practice. Serious case reviews take place when a child has died due to abuse or neglect and sometimes when a child has suffered serious injury or harm from violence, neglect or abuse.Working together to safeguard children guidance states that a serious case review (SCR) should take place when the case gives rise to concerns about the way in which local professionals and services worked together to safeguard and promote the welfare of children. The local safeguarding children boards (LSCBs) will consider whether a SCR is required when any professional or agency believe a serious incident has occurred. The purpose of a serious case review is to look for where improvements in practice can be made to limit the risks to other children and young people. Working together explains the purpose of a SCR as - 1.To establish whether there are lessons to be learnt from a case about how local professionals and organisations work together to safeguard and promote the welfare of children. 2. Identify what those lessons may be, what is to be acted upon and what is expected to change. 3. Improve inter-agen cy working and better safeguard and promote the welfare of children. In 2001, Lord Laming was asked to chair and Independent Statutory Inquiry following the death of Victoria Climbie and to make recommendations as to how such an event may, as far as possible, be avoided in the future.Victoria Climbie was severely abused by her great aunt and her partner, which eventually moderateed in her death. The inquiry found a gross failure in the system that was supposed to protect this little girl. The Laming report therefore recommended that a national agency should be setup to oversee the swift and effective implementation of the recommendations, such as directors of childrens services with no child protection should appoint an experienced social work coach to support them.The Government should provide child protection training for council leaders and senior management and the Ofsted framework is in place for child protection. 108 recommendations were made by this report including that th ere should be a much closer working relationship between agencies, a central database and an independent childrens commissioner for England. The Brichard Inquiry was a serious case review that was commissioned to look at the Soham murders.This found that record systems didnt work properly, that the local intelligence system was fundamentally flawed so allegations that had been made about Ian Huntly were missed and his employment references were not checked properly. The main recommendation that came from this inquiry was the introduction of CRB checks and the need for them to be checked on a regular basis. The Byron study was a report ordered in September 2007 to review the risks children faced from exposure to harmful or inappropriate material on the internet and to produce recommendations that would help keep children safe.It concluded that there needed to be better regulation and better information and education, with the role of Government, law enforcement, schools and childre ns services as key. This meant safer internet access was adopted in schools. Therefore, all of these SCRs have been instigated to help keep children safe. Other reviews, such as the Plymouth SCR, was commissioned as a result of a nursery worker been found to be taking inappropriate photographs of children that were accordingly shared on the internet, As a result, mobile phones were banned in Nurseries and kept away from children in schools.No photographs are to be taken or shared without parental permission. So, legislation is often changed due to SCRs by the Government which is then passed to local authorities, this then influences and creates the policies that are implemented in school and other childcare agencies. SCRs are conducted to learn from the mistakes made to then introduce changes to keep children safer and protected.. 5 Write a reflective account of how your school complies with the data protection act regarding information handling and sharing.The data protection act (1998) covers all aspects of how a school handles information. Information gathered by the school, including the context of safeguarding and child protection, is used only for the purpose for which it was collected. Therefore, information wouldnt be shared or discussed with people who dont need to know. All staff have to ensure that subjects discussed within school are not shared with others outside the environment for example, if approached by a parent outside of school I would not share any confidential information with them.The information collected is also kept securely with access only permitted to those who need it. Many records are kept on secure computer sites or, if they are paper records, they are kept locked in the school office where access is restricted. All information has to be accurate and kept up to date. Data collection sheets are sent out regularly to parents to ensure that the information held is accurate and current. This collects informations of a personal natu res, provides contact details, medical informations, school lunches and how children get to school.Other information, including childrens SEN files and educational records are also reviewed regularly and shared only with those who need to know. The Data Protection Act gives rights to individuals in respect of the personal data held about them. This information can be accessed by them (or their parents) excerpt in certain circumstances, for example, information that may cause serious harm or a risk of abuse to the individual or others. Therefore, all schools have a legal responsibility to adhere to the Data Protection Act and its codes of practice.

European Union and United Nations Essay

unite Nations and European Union ar two disposals which be very influential in the contemporary world. The two institutions looseness a very great social occasion as farther as giveation of rules and polity of divergent nature are concerned. Each body is charged with specific roles to play in the pursuit of versatile accusives for the instalment states. United Nation draws its fellow divisionship from across the board,almost all countries in the world are members of this organization which was mainly created to promote peace among the nations.European Union on the new(prenominal) hand draws its membership from the mall of Europe,where most of the European nations are represented. The two organizations are charged with the role of implementing policies put forward or agreed upon by the member states. Each body has a mechanism which ensures that these policies and rules are followed by the members. They throw off powers to compel members to adhere to the laid down ru les.United Nation relies on the powers granted by its channelize rules to implement the policies while European union largely depends on the constitution drawn by member states spelling out procedures to be followed by the members as far as implementation of policies is concerned. (Blacksell, M 1978) iodine of the main differences between the two bodies is the com mooring,European Union membership is drawn from nations which have a common avocation and are pursuing the same goals mostly on scotchal intergration,whereas United Nation is a aggregate of states brought together by the purpose of promoting peace in the world.United nation membership is far and full due to the reason that a country is member of the larger world community. Members have serious unlike interests making it hard at times to reach a compromise in certain occassions. On the other hand European Union is more(prenominal) of a voluntary organizations where members join as a result of the benefits they are going to derive from such a union (Emadi, B 2002). They are non propelled by other reason such as fear of be labelled uncoperative but rather for the benefit of creating a wider markets and opening up their economies.The European Union is a powerful entity which is rather an economic organization as opposed to United Nation which more of a political institution. The main objective of the European Union was to allow free movements of goods and capital across the borders where for the United Nation it was to prevent other major war in the world or mainly prevent conflict between nations among other things that go along with the maintenance of peace in the world.In such an arrangement members are non coast together by a common goal but rather as absolute formality because they would like to be seen as countries which believe in a peaceful coexistence among nations. For those in the European Union it is more than maintenance of peace. They are demarcation line together by the pr inciples of creating a good enviroment for their economic advancement. (Bedjaou, M 1991) (Lister, F 1996) As an international organization,United nation has been facing problems as far as enforcement of the policies and rules is concerned.At times this has resulted to very serious consequences especially when members fail to abide by the rules set by the otganization. sensation of the main problem that has engulfed this institution is the flavour that some members are not well represented. The inequality as far as power is concerned has been a serious set back when it comes to the implementation of policies in the body. The issue of veto power means that some members are more powerful than others meaning that in that respect exists a power imbalance in this organization.Though this may serve well for the group as the powerful nations will force the others to play by the rules there is a danger of this concept being misused by the powerful nations where they will be forcing others to play to their tune. On the other hand European Union presents a situation where member states operate on an equal ground (Lane, J 2006)As a supranantional government , European Union member countries have transferred some of their powers to this broader authority. This power is shared equally among the member states giving them eacha an opportunity to feel part and parcel of the organization.In such an arrangement it becomes easy to implement policies and rules set by the organization since members will wilingly be ready to comply as they are bound to benefit from such seetings. (Permott, A 2000) Though in both organizations it is possible for the member state to be forced by others to implement decisions made,in the Euopean Union it is rather not necessary to take such an bodily function since most of the polies are reached through consensus building. Therefore most of the members will be in a position to impelement what the member country has passed.In the United Nations forc e can be used if a member state fails to go by the rules but this does not mean that such measures are always successful. (Joachim, J and Locher, B 2009) Members have at one time or another withdrawn their contribution or their membership from the organization as a registration of their discontement with some of the policies adopted by the organization. The fact that United Nation applies persuasive means to convince member states to comply with the rules and also take part in the implementation of policies place it in a weaker position as far as its operation are concerned.It is at a disadvantaged position since not all the members are willing to play by the rules. The mechanisms available to compel members to abide by the rules are also weak giving too a great deal leeway to the rebel members. The issue of the power imbalance among member states also plays a great role in the impedement being experienced in the matters relating to the policy implementation. (Preston, L and Windso r, D 1997) The facts that European Union members are held together by m each factors make it easy for the organization to manage its affairs.All members are bound to benefit in one way or another from the policies being adopted at any time. On the other hand United Nations experience difficulties implementing some of its policies due to the fact that the organization has a wider membership, and again the ideological differences play a major role as far as this is concerned. The feeling by some of the members that they are inadequately represented makes it hard for the organization to employ mechanism which auger well for all the members (Ionescu, G 1974)When it comes to the implementation of international rules and policies United Nation stands a better probability but its bogged down by various issues surrounding its composition. The fact that some nations yield more power in terms of veto creates an imbalance making other members feel that they are just now used as mere pawns i n rubber stamping decisions reached and brought down into their throats by the powerful nations. They feel that they are not part and parcel of some of the policies being adopted.On the other hand the issue of policy ownership in the European Union has played a great role as far as its successful implementation of policies and rules is concerned. Members participate fully in the deliberation and implementation of the policies. (Mckay, D (1996) telephone extensionPermott, A (2000) The New Politics of Financing the UN, Palgrave Macmillan Bedjaou, M (1991) International Law and Prospects, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers Preston, L and Windsor, D (1997) The Rules of the plot of ground in the Global Economy, Springer PublishersIonescu, G (1974) Between Sovereignty and Intergration, Taylor and Francis Emadi, B (2002) Rethinking International Organization, Routledge Taylor and Francis Blacksell, M (1978) postwar Europe A political Geography, West view Press Joachim, J and Locher, B (2009) Tra nsnational Activism in the UN and EU A Comparative Study, Taylor and Francis Lane, J (2006) Globalization and the Politics, Ashgate Publishing Mckay, D (1996) Rush to Union, Oxford University Press Lister, F (1996) The European Union, The United Nations and the Revival of the Cofederal Governance, Greeenwood Publishing co.

The Representation of Masculinity in George Eliot’s ‘Silas Marner’

Silas Marner, A Tale of cardinal Cities.Essay subject Silas Marner and masculinity1. Introduction.This essay is about the building and representation of Silass mannishness ( including any(prenominal) inquiries proposed in the essay subjects on the practical campus that I found interesting ) . I saw things that go glowering do him look more than like a prominent fe potent provided it is non necessary or required to understand this affair in this means I wanted to happen his good-will non as a failing or a large(p) female issue solely as strong manner of demoing tenderness, because I think in that respect is zero point stronger that absolute tenderness and nil more attender that confessedly strength and I suffer Silas as a re all(prenominal)y strong individual composure moreover strong.The chief subjects here are his isolation, the gender issue, and eventually how feasible or non-viable his manhood is. In the purpose I fork out included some facets more related to Silass life.2. Silass isolation.About his househ honest-to-god, it is and mentioned in the book that he had a female parent and a small sister, both of them named Hepziba, but his sister was called Eppie, which is why he chooses this name for his adoptive girl.His period of isolation starts in Raveloe when he sends their neighbors off with a turning annoyance ( It started when he helped Sally Oats and after that he became person like the formalised herbal physician of the vicinity ) . From this minute on he spends his yearss sniping 16 hours a two dozen hours and contemplating his gold every dark. He is like a anchorite merely concentrated on gaining money.It wasnt ever like this. At first when he lived in Lantern Yard he was a extraversive braggart(a) male who interacted with society, he lived a normal life, and was engaged to get married a mature female named Sarah. He besides had a friend, William Dane, and so both of them betrayed him. But at the minute he is an entit y separated from the biotic community, self-sufficient.3. Silas in gender footings.Whats incorrect with Silas before the loss of his gold?This point has a connexion with Silass isolation as discussed in the old subdivision. He is considered an outcast by the community at foremost he is described like a spider or a spinning-insect . This has no relationship with the issue of maleness but instead with the issue of humanity through this description he is portrayed more as an insect than as a adult male, this is a manner of dehumanising him. When he loses his gold he is obligated to travel and pass on it to the governments. At first, when he arrived, people judgment he was a shade, is of trade to advert that Silass optic aspect is a spot unusual, he shows a bodily impairment, he has marks of aging and unwellness, and he is described as an old adult male. And as I commented antecedently, he was an straddle anchorite obsessed with his gold, look up toing it every dark, and his beingness is reduced to his work and his coins. This is the debatable that is naturalized before the loss of his gold. Why non allow him weave and taste his money until hes excessively old to maintain on weaving? Why protract this out for so long?In my sentiment, the thought I get from the book is that Silas earned more money on Raveloe than in Lantern Yard ( where he has to pay some money to the church ) and he saw this fact, after which began his compulsion and he lived like this for 16 old ages. And he could hold lived on this manner until his decease but when Eppie came to his place it brought about a alteration in his whole life.I think he draws it out because work and money becomes the Centre of his life he lives merely for work and to look up to his gold.4. Silass maleness in a feasible manner. Is this one sort of maleness or maleness in general?I think this is one sort of maleness because non all work forces have a state of affairs like Silass. Other male characters lik e the Cass brothers have a manly function and are seen more like a work forces than Silas is.I see this as a feasible manner because I believe that Silas is wholly masculine even if in that location are things that show him with a deficiency of manhood.Ill start with the negative points against his maleness. Get downing with his business, it was established that whirling and weaving had a gender division and that it was a female underpickings, in this point, I fathert think that this occupation defines his maleness, he is a adult male and here the lone of import thing is that he has an business and he is working to back up himself.In append, Silass sort is interesting on a mental degree. I see his capacity for self-denial a masculine accomplishment excessively it is a feature of a great adult male. For illustration, when William and Sarah betrayed him, he knew it and acted softly and did nil merely travel on with his life. Another manner of demoing self-denial is in his isola tion, and his high grade of reason. He has been injured, accused of robbery, abandoned by his fiancee, rejected by the community merely because he did non desire to be an ONG and after that he has the reason to do a determination. After that it is normal that he wishes to be only working and gaining money.And eventually, even if he is portrayed as an insect or a weak adult male, in an effort to decrease his maleness the capacity that he finds for being a male parent, a female parent and a defender of small Eppie is extremely admirable without inquiry. By holding passable cognition for autonomy, to me he is a unafraid adult male who knows what he wants and merely acquires and achieves it. In add-on Id like to state that doing his place more comfy for the kid, adorning it, a nest for her- , is the afters manner in which a adult male can demo how capable of being stamp is. Fixing his place for Eppies demands is something to be expected from a really masculine adult male. In his ain manner, he did what every adult male must make work, back up a family, have a household and protect his household ( harmonizing to this nineteenth-century period, presents it is different, as adult females can make this only if excessively ) . And he did it he is wholly a adult male.5. Decision.We have seen Silass journey, non a physical journey, but throughout his life. At first he has a normal life, he subsequently becomes an castaway obsessed with gold and after Eppies reaching he undergoes a sort of societal refilling into an ordinary member of the community. After run intoing the kid he wholly changes his function inside the vicinity, every topographic point or place he visits for work he must sit and plow with people about the kid. Through her his life alterations and he becomes another adult male. We see his domestic, societal and enatic side and how he achieves the function of maleness in the 19th century non precisely as it was imposed, but by in his ain manner.Th rough the acceptance of the kid we see Silas carry throughing both a male and female function, because he is wholly devoted to the small miss, and how he passes from a wholly stray life to happening significance in all the things around him. In Eppie he finds a desktop to populate, a household that was denied him ( his female parent and small sister died, and we do non cognize about his male parent ) , the comfort of being love unfeignedly by person, of being needed, and of being a male parent, and there is no minute, in my sentiment, where his maleness could be misunderstood. We can besides see, through the acceptance the godliness and duty that Silas is prepared to presume paternity, which is excessively a masculine feature, it is necessary to stress that the responsibilities that Silas accepts are those that Godfrey Cass, Eppies biological male parent has no morality or duty to presume. Throughout the book there is no minute when I feel Silas is non accomplishing the function of a adult male. I merely snarl esteem even if didnt have obvious masculine features such as physical visual aspect of a strong and wealth adult male like Godfrey Cass. Even when he grows old he still has this powerful visual aspect that Silas, in contrast does non. Godfrey does non hold to work because he was inherited from his male parent and Silas worked as an independent adult male. This was a paradigm of industrial manhood and a new ideal for work forces.To complete, another point that I found interesting is that Silas didnt want to accomplish the ideals of the perfect adult male harmonizing to society but he ended up making so, though his virtuous nature, his generous bosom, his bravery. By following the kid he was non merely taking on a duty but he was taking on the duty of another adult male.Bibliography.Silas Marner, A Tale of Two Cities. George Eliot.Silas Marner in Wikipedia the free encyclopedia.Silas Marner survey usher and literature.Virtual Campus.Class hand-outs.

Imperialism and Colonization Essay

Colonization and imperialism ar inherently associated with an economic model that is meant to boost the sparing of the colonizing power (herein referred to as helper state) by providing grade securities industry for manufactured goods and source of stabbing materials. During the twentieth century more or less colonies gained independence or autonomy resulting in a disruption of the economic model associated with colonization and imperialism. A veritable trend is globalisation which necessitates a complete reversal of the economic role of states.The role has changed from serving as a mart for the benefactor state to manufacturing products using inexpensive labor that ar consequently sold back to the benefactor state. many an some early(a)(prenominal) states (particularly in Africa) turn over non been able to adjust to this change and have, thus, been caught between colonization and globalisation with disclose strong economic ties to other nations. To minimize conflic t wi sheer a state and between states, the several(prenominal) nations must have ties that be strong enough to transcend content boundaries.This is evident when examining global trends much(prenominal) as colonization and globalization which tend to focus nations that would normally be at odds on a common goal. In the case of colonization, natives of occupied territories atomic number 18 inclined to unite against the occupying power. A current trend towards globalization has forced nations to unite because of an increased economic dependence between states. The claim (albeit untrue) that in that location has neer been a war between two countries having McDonalds underscores the importance of economic ties that provide transcend topic boundaries.A History of Imperialism and Colonization During the height of colonialism, Britain giveled over a quarter of the land and single threesome of the population. Combined, Britain and eight other European countries controlled approxi mately 84% of the earths surface. (Conklin 1) What factors allowed Europeans to exert much(prenominal) a strong influence on other parts of the creation? More importantly, what were the motivations for subjugating the rest of the piece that have made such a profound impact sluice in the modern world? J. A. Hobson strings the capricious force behind olonization as the investor who cannot find at home the profitable use he seeks for his capital, and insists that his regimen should help him to profitable and secure investments abroad. (Hobson 15) On the practical side of colonization, armies are needed and colonization cant occur until an industrial revolution begins. Industrialization requires cheap labor, a navy, a target market to buy surplus products and raw materials. Without a larger enough target audience for selling goods, the industrial revolution would have been stymied and Britains economy and industry could not have advanced as rapidly.Essentially, raw materials are shipped out of colonies to the colonizing unsophisticated, manufactured into a finished product using cheap labor and then sold back to the colonies at profit. (Kollenbroich) Undoubtedly, there are other factors that motivated European powers to colonize Christianity, national pride and civilizing those perceived as savages to name some. However, there is no denying that most colonies became economically dependent on the colonizing country. This implies that economic reasons, regardless of other motivating factors for colonization, were a driving force in colonization.In fact, the factors such as Christianity, national pride and the mission to civilize would frequently go cave in in hand with the economic motivation and serve to conceal the economic reasons from the general public. (Kollenbroich) M. K. Ghandi agrees with that statement, England is a nation of shopkeepers, (attributed to Napoleon) and goes on to describe how the British, hold whatever dominions they have for t he sake of their commerce. (Ghandi 25) Continuing on the same note, Ghandi explains that the British view the world as a vast market for their goods.According to Ghandi, the British didnt conquer India per se alternatively the acceptance of British commerce, life fashion and law allowed the British to govern India. For this very reason, Ghandi promotes a lifestyle missing in machinery. What did India do before these articles were introduced? Precisely the same should be done today. (Ghandi 28-29) In Ghandis opinion, removing economic ties to Britain and rest of Europe, India would eventually attain sovereignty. Clearly, the economy plays a vital role in colonization and is a strong motivation by providing raw materials and markets to sell finished goods.The question that begs to be asked is How were Europeans able to influence or force other parts of the world to accept colonization? The answer has everything to do with image. If natives didnt believe that the Europeans were su perior, revolts would have been much more widespread. In turn, European militaries would have been spread in any case thin and outnumbered. The key to preventing this lies in creating the dissembling for natives that the Europeans are superior in every way and resistance is futile. The style of rule is as important as the fact the Europeans are in control of the colony.Typically the french would use a divide and conquer strategy. They would bring in French administrators and subject the natives to French culture. This was utile because the French often grouped tribes or groups of natives that didnt get along. Instead of fighting the French, the natives would fight amongst themselves. On the other hand, the British would preserve parts of the local system and choose natives leaders. This was effective for the British because it gave the natives the illusion of a certain level of autonomy while the British remained in control. Kollenbroich) The socio-economic model in most colonie s was noticeably lacking(p) a middle class. On one hand there are the natives who are often dirt distressing by European standards and on the other hand there are the business and elite classes that are continually sucking profit out of the colonies. This is somewhat true of even Europe because of industrialization which left a large lower class working in the factories for minimum wages. The Trend of Globalization The push towards a more global economy has several important consequences.Many states that were once colonizing powers have seen their role shift to that of economic powerhouses with global cities that serve as command and control centers for the economy. (Sassen, 4) In the wake of globalization, an increasing number of firms have centralized their business presence in the downtown areas of global cities and placed numerous factories in foreign states to take advantage of lower labor prices. The stance or acquisition of factories in other states is known as foreign d irect investment (FDI).The v major exporters of capital (United States, United Kingdom, Japan, France and Germany) account for 70 percent of FDI (Sassen 11). According to Sassen, the growth in FDI has been imbed in the internationalization of production of goods and services. (Sassen 10) This is readily evident when considering the number of factories being built in Latin American and Southeast Asian. The semiconductor explosion coupled with other industries choosing to locate in Asia has led to an yield of Southeast Asia as a crucial transnational space for production. (Sassen 11) Prominent American companies have more and more moved the manufacturing of products offshore to take advantage of more lax labor laws and significantly lower wages. The change from colonization to globalization has seen the role of foreign countries move from buying products to creating products cheaply. The economics of intervention has played a more dominant role in foreign policy and go away co ntinue to do so in the future. For decades the United States and Soviet Union struggled to see capitalism and communism spread, respectively.The struggle played out both economically and militarily in many countries throughout the world and is important because more often than not decolonized countries would be in need of economic and sometimes military intervention. More recently, the United States and other countries have faced decisions about whether to intervene in situations such as Somalia and other African states. Interventions such as these are often viewed by the much of the public as too petty(a) too late and this can be attributed, at least in part, to a lack of economic recreate in the conflict.In fact, intervention costs zillions and sometimes billions of dollars which, in many politicians eyes, is not justified. To make matters worse, politicians are very careful about labeling conflicts as massacres or genocide because as soon as a conflict is labeled as such, it e thically requires intervention. What happens then to a state caught between colonization and globalization that has little or no economical tie to the global economy? If the conflict receives enough prudence on the world stage and there is enough bloodshed, then there is a good pass that a peacekeeping force will intervene.However, the chance of intervention in a conflict with little or no bloodshed is much slimmer and may never materialize. Case Study Zimbabwe According to the worldwide Crisis Group, Zimbabwes economy is hemorrhaging. (Zimbabwe 5) Zimbabwes economy has shrunk approximately 25 percent since 1998, inflation is more than 228% percent (Zimbabwe CIA) and unemployment is higher than 60 percent. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has decreased from 436 million USD in 1998 to 4. 5 million USD. The FDI alone is indicative of an ever increasing gap between todays global economy and the economy of Zimbabwe.Any economic ties that Zimbabwe has with the rest of the world are sl owly wasting away with a decrease in gold production and decreased foreign aid. In fact, reducing hours and production multitude is now the norm and has led to a scarcity of basic commodities within the country. To make a poor situation even worse, the presidential term of Zimbabwe has been directing farm seizures that have led to 95 percent of large scale farmers either stopping operations or being severely disrupted. The food production has declined by 40 percent and prompted a United Nations (UN) report that warns of the potential of famine.If predictions hold true, Zimbabwes harvests will not be enough to feed the entire population Zimbabwe will be forced to import food. The government has gone as far as deploying army and police units to deal with riots, should they break out. (Zimbabwe) The ruling ZANU-PF political party has been systematically eliminating opposition from the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC). The ZANU-PF has been accused of distributing food to party m embers rather than evenly which means that even children of MDC supporters have food withheld.ZANU-PF supporters, civil servants and traditional leaders are blocking MDC supporters from acquiring maize It is clear that some schemes have been discriminatory for months without the donor being aware. (Zimbabwe 7) Thus far, the rest of the world has been passive about the happenings in Zimbabwe. In part, this can be attributed to the need to intervene if a country or countries declare a humanitarian crisis in Zimbabwe. As noted earlier the FDI has dramatically declined resulting in essentially no economic ties between Zimbabwe and the rest of the world.More than likely, aid or intervention will not take place without a crisis that places Zimbabwe in the center of the world stage. Zimbabwe is just one designer colony of many (in Africa and other parts of the world) that gained independence and left behind the imperialistic economy. Unfortunately, Zimbabwe has stepped out of one econom ic model and failed to step into the global economy. This is evident in the dramatically decreased FDI and production as well as the lack of intervention from other states. Focus on Former African Colonies man War II left the European powers (with the exception of Portugal) scrambling to leave Africa.As alluded to earlier, colonizing is an expensive business that takes wondrous resources and ultimately is profitable for a relatively small number people. Most European colonies in Africa were never as profitable as had been hoped for couldnt be justified like India and some other colonies. The disconsolate name given to imperialism by Hitler helped accelerate the process in Africa as well as other parts of the world. Due to a lack of economic motivation capable of transcending national boundaries, many condition colonies have descended into civil wars and other disputes between nations within the state.As demonstrated with Zimbabwe, this conflict is not inevitably militarily (alth ough this is often the case) carried out and may be something as appalling as withholding food or other basic commodities from a portion of the population. Countless other African states such as Somali, Uganda, Liberia, Sudan, Ethiopia, Rwanda and the Congo have had or continue to have conflicts between nations. Many countries in Africa are lacking a solid economy that isnt dominated by a single sector such as agriculture.